量子力学对于宇宙的认识 (转载)（2 / 2）

relseekexplrplaceheuniverse.

themorerecentphysicsrevolfthepast80yearshasyeransform

generalpublderstandsimilarway.andyerrect

understandfphyessibleevepythagorasrd

pythagoras,"numberisallthings",andnumbersaremental,echl.

likewise,nelledlight"particles",kheepttobe

effectivetheory\'—useful,rue.asnotedbynes

biographerrichardwestfall:"theulecauseofathei,nesserted,

is\'thisfbodieshaving,asere,plete,absoluteand

independentrealityhemselves.\'"neknewofnesringsandwas

roubledbywhatisshallowlycalled\'wave/particleduality\'.

the1925discoveryofqechanicssolvedtheproblemoftheuniverse\'s

re.brightphysicistswereledtobelievetheunbelievable—this

e,thattheuniverseismentalrdsirjamesjeans:"thestream

ofknowledgeisheadrdsechlreality;theuniversebegins

lookmorelikeagreatthoughtthanlikeagrehinednolonger

appearstobedentalintruderherealmofereought

ratherhailsthecreatorandgovernoroftherealmofer."but

physicistshaveyetfollowedgalileo\'sexample,andconvincedeveryoneof

thewondersofqechanrarthureddexplained:"itis

difficultfortheer-of-factphysicisepttheviewthatthe

substrfeverythsofmentalcharacter."

hisplaycopenhagen,whichbringsqechanicsderaudience,

haelfrayngivesthesewordelsbohr:"wediscoverthhe

verseexistslythroughtheunderstandinglodgedinsidethehuman

head."bohr\'swifereplies,"thisyou\'vephecentreofthe

verse—isityou,orisitheisenberg"ttstickshecraw

ofedds"matter-of-fact"physicists.

discussheplay,johnh.marburgeriii,presidentgeorgew.bush\'s

scienceadviser,observesthat"inthecopenhageerpref

roscopre,thereareneitherwavesnorparticles",butthenframes

hisremarksermsofexistent"underlyingstuff".hepointshat

sruether"sometimesbehaveslikeveandsometimeslike

aparticlehewaveisheunderlyingstuff;sinthespatial

patternofdetectorclicksehelpbutthinkoftheclicksas

sedbylittlelocalizedpiecesofstuffthatwemightaswell

callparticles.teretheparticlelesfrdoesnot

efromtheunderlyingstuff,butfrrpsychollpredispos

sselocalizedphenomehparticles."

placeof"underlyingstuff"therehavebeenseriousattemptstopreservea

erialworld—buttheyproduceewphysics,andserveonlyto

preservellusscientistshavesadlylefphysicistfraynto

etheemperor\'slackofclothes:"itseemstomethatthevie

murray]gellfavours,andnvolveswhathecallsalternative\'

histories\'orrratives\',ispreciselyasanthropocentricasbohr\'s,since

historiesandnarrativesarefreestandingelementsoftheuniverse,but

hstructs,assubjectiveandasrestrictedheirviewpsthe

fobserv"

physicistsshyfromthetruthbecausethetrutlieeveryday

physicsytoevadethementaluniverseisvoke\'decoherence\'

—thehhephysicalenvironmessufficiereate

reality,independentofthehd.yettheideathyirreversible

famplifsnecessaryllapsethewavefsk

bewrreer-type\'experiments,thewavefscollapsed

simplybyyourhdseehheuniverseisentirelymental.

hetenthcentury,ibnal-haythedtheviewthatlightproceeds

frsource,enterstheeye,andisperceived.thispictureisrrect

butisstillwhstpeoplethinkrs,including,unlesspressed,most

physicistseermswiththeuniverse,wemustabandonsuchviews.

theworldisqechl:wemustlearperceiveit

onebenefitofswitchinghyrrectpercepftheworldisthe

resulyofdiscoverhementalreoftheuniverse.wehaveno

ideawhatthismentalreimplies,but—thegreatths—strue

.beyondtheacquisfthisperception,physicslongerhelp.you

maydescendsolipsi,expandtodei,orsomethingelseify

justifyit—justdskphysicsforhelp.

thereisherbenefitofseeheworldasqechl:someone

learnedeptthhingexistsbutobservsisfarahead

ofpeerswhostumblethroughphysicshopfindhatthingsaref

wepulllileo,dgetpeoplebelievhetruth,theywillfind

physicsabreeze.

theuniverseiserial—mentalandspiritual.live,andenjoy.

furtherreading

marburger,hecopenhageerprefqechanics/html

henry,rphys.58,10871100(1990).

steiner,heapplicabilityofmathesasaphilosophicalproblem(

harvarduniv.press,cambridge,ma,1998).